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CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It is a lifesaving procedure that is done when someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped. This may happen after an, drowning, or heart attack. CPR involves:. Rescue breathing, which provides oxygen to a person's lungs. Chest compressions, which keep the person's blood circulating.Permanent brain damage or death can occur within minutes if a person's blood flow stops.

Therefore, you must continue CPR until the person's heartbeat and breathing return, or trained medical help arrives.For the purposes of CPR, puberty is defined as breast development in females and the presence of axillary (armpit) hair in males. CPR is best done by someone trained in an accredited CPR course. The procedures described here are NOT a substitute for CPR training. The newest techniques emphasize compression over rescue breathing and airway management, reversing a long-standing practice.

Since 1998, Continue CPR has been providing healthcare providers with expert CPR training in Santa Fe Springs, CA. We strive to facilitate learning in a stress-free environment in which you can hone your life-saving skills. We are Passionate About Building Tools for the Classroom.

See for classes near you.Time is very important when an person is not breathing. Permanent brain damage begins after only 4 minutes without oxygen, and death can occur as soon as 4 to 6 minutes later.Machines called automated external defibrillators (AEDs) can be found in many public places, and are available for home use. These machines have pads or paddles to place on the chest during a life-threatening emergency. They automatically check the heart rhythm and give a sudden shock if, and only if, that shock is needed to get the heart back into the right rhythm. When using an AED, follow the instructions exactly.

In adults, major reasons that heartbeat and breathing stop include:. Drug overdose.

Excessive bleeding. Heart problem (heart attack or abnormal heart rhythm, fluid in the lungs or compressing the heart). Infection in the bloodstream. Injuries and accidents. Drowning.

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StrokeThere are many things that cause an older child or teen's heartbeat and breathing to stop, including:. Choking. Drowning. Electrical shock.

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Excessive bleeding. Head trauma or other serious injury. Lung disease. Poisoning. Suffocation. Check for responsiveness. Shake or tap the person gently.

See if the person moves or makes a noise. Shout, 'Are you OK?'

Call 911 if there is no response. Shout for help and send someone to call 911. If you are alone, call 911 and retrieve an AED (if available), even if you have to leave the person.3. Carefully place the person on their back. If there is a chance the person has a spinal injury, two people should move the person to prevent the head and neck from twisting.4. Perform chest compressions:. Place the heel of one hand on the breastbone - right between the nipples.

Place the heel of your other hand on top of the first hand. Position your body directly over your hands.

Give 30 chest compressions. These compressions should be fast and hard.

Press down about 2 inches (5 centimeters) into the chest. Each time, let the chest rise completely. Count the 30 compressions quickly: '1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30, off'.5. Open the airway.

Lift up the chin with 2 fingers. At the same time, tilt the head by pushing down on the forehead with the other hand.6. Look, listen, and feel for breathing.

Place your ear close to the person's mouth and nose. Watch for chest movement. Feel for breath on your cheek.7. If the person is not breathing or has trouble breathing:.

Cover their mouth tightly with your mouth. Pinch the nose closed. Keep the chin lifted and head tilted.

Give 2 rescue breaths. Each breath should take about a second and make the chest rise.8. Repeat chest compressions and rescue breathing until the person recovers or help arrives. If an AED for adults is available, use it as soon as possible.If the person starts breathing again, place them in the recovery position. Keep checking for breathing until help arrives. In adults, to avoid injuries and heart problems that can lead to the heart stopping beating:. Eliminate or reduce risk factors that contribute to heart disease, such as cigarette smoking, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity, and stress.

Get plenty of exercise. See your health care provider regularly. Always use seat belts and drive safely.

Avoid using illegal drugs.Most children need CPR because of a preventable accident. The following tips may help prevent some accidents in children:. Teach your children the basic principles of family safety. Teach your child to swim.

Teach your child to watch for cars and ride bikes safely. Teach your child firearm safety. If you have guns in your home, keep them locked in an isolated cabinet. American Heart Association. Highlights of the 2015 American Heart Association guidelines update for CPR and ECC. Accessed March 14, 2019.Duff JP, Topjian A, Berg MD, et al. 2018 American Heart Association focused update on pediatric advanced life support: an update to the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care.

PMID: 30571264.Morley PT. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (including defibrillation).

In: Bersten AD, Handy JM, eds. Oh's Intensive Care Manual. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 21.Panchal AR, Berg KM, Kudenchuk PJ, et al. 2018 American Heart Association focused update on advanced cardiovascular life support use of antiarrhythmic drugs during and immediately after cardiac arrest: an update to the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. PMID: 30571262. For Health Content Provider (www.urac.org). URAC's is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M.

Follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. Is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.' Is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information:.The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies.

Links to other sites are provided for information only - they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2020, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.

But we are also encouraged by the stories of our readers finding help through our site. During these challenging times, we guarantee we will work tirelessly to support you. We will continue to give you accurate and timely information throughout the crisis, and we will deliver on our mission — to help everyone in the world learn how to do anything — no matter what.

Thank you to our community and to all of our readers who are working to aid others in this time of crisis, and to all of those who are making personal sacrifices for the good of their communities. We will get through this together.Sincerely,Elizabeth DouglasCEO, wikiHow. Sudden cardiac arrest happens to over 250,000 people a year. Every 33 seconds in the United States, someone dies due to a heart-related incident. The survival rate can be as high as 60 percent in ideal circumstances, the most important of which is quick defibrillation.

In order for the to have the best chance of survival during an outside of hospital cardiac arrest, someone must (911 in North America), perform CPR - which is an acronym for Cardio (heart), Pulmonary (lung) and Resuscitation (meaning to revive or revitalize) X Research source - and use an AED, before receiving pre-hospital advanced care.Good Samaritan laws provide legal protection for those who provide first aid in good faith and accept no compensation, but laws do not protect against gross negligence and laws may also require acceptable current certifications for AEDs use. However, provided that the patient is indeed in cardiac arrest, it is impossible to do more harm than good because the patient is already considered dead.

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